· Title: Task-Centred Practice & Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy use to Support Change in Social Work Example essay. Last modified: 11th Aug Introduction: This essay will examine two approaches used to support change in social work today, Task-Centred Practice and Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy, and compare and contrast these two. The essay will achieve this by applying view essay example. Job Social Work 3 Pages. A social worker’s job is made easier and more efficient through the use of technology even though a greater part of their work is face-to-face with clients. In a world where technology use is constantly growing social workers need to adapt to these required tools Social Work and Social Justice Being a social worker means you will be faced with variable problems, people and personalities daily. A simple and known fact regarding a social workers career is that different kinds of people need different types of help and support
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Reflection forms a central part of social work practice and education, and it is particularly important for social workers in placement settings or newly qualified social workers D'cruz social work essay examples al, ; Parker, In its simplest terms, reflection "provides us with an opportunity to review our decisions and decision-making processes" however, in practice, reflection is a far more complex concept Trevethick, It is essential that social workers have the confidence to question their own practice, the organisation that they work in, and dominant power structures in society at large Fook, Reflection, and in particular critical reflective practice, forms a key part of this, as social workers are called on to reconsider and reconstruct the dominant social discourse.
In this social work essay examples I will explore my experience of reflection during my practice placement, and in particular in relation to a specific case study. I will start by outlining my practice setting, and the details of the particular case study. I will then explore my experience of reflection, and how reflective practice supported me to apply theory to practice. Finally take a critical look at my practice, and suggest things that I could have done differently, social work essay examples.
Although I engage with and explored multiple models of reflection during my placement, the model of reflection that I found most useful was Schon's theory of reflection Schon, ; Schon advocated 2 types of reflective practice. Firstly, social work essay examples, reflection-on-actionwhich involves reflecting on an experience that you have already had, or an action that you have already taken, and considering what could have been done differently, as well as looking at the positives from that interaction.
The other type of reflection Schon notes is social work essay examplesor reflecting on your actions as you are doing them, and considering issues like best practice throughout the process. Due to the limits of the current medium, I will be focusing mostly on reflection-on-action. However, appropriate use of this type of reflection should inform future practice, and encourage appropriate reflection-in-action when presented with a similar situation again.
My placement was based at a not for profit mental health agency, social work essay examples we provided psycho-social support for people who have experienced mental health difficulties. Referrals to the agency could come from social services, GP surgeries, and other not-for-profit organisations. The people with whom we worked usually had a multitude of presenting issues and concerns, and I was aware from the onset that complex settings like this require social workers to be reflective in their practice in order to be able to deal with a variety of situations Fook and Gardner, However, it soon became clear to me that the fast-paced working environment, where at times paperwork was promoted over practice, meant that reflection could potentially be ignored in favour of bureaucracy and targets D'Cruz et al, This type of difficulty and uncertainty around reflection is common in placement settings and when starting a new role Knott and Spafford, Reflection was particularly important when making the transition from university learning to the learning experienced in a placement setting.
Social workers are provided with social work essay examples guidance in practice to support this process. The Practice Competency Framework PCF domains provide some direction about what areas social workers are expected to emphasise in practice, social work essay examples, and what needs to be evidenced in order to successfully complete a placement. Values and ethics are central to this framework, and comprise domain 2. Critical reflection is also part of this framework, making up the entirety of domain 6, social work essay examples.
However, it is essential that social workers do not become complacent in their personal reflection, and they cannot fall back on these types of guidance and procedures as a shield against engaging in reflection on complex ethical subjects Banks, Many of the service users that we worked with had a dual diagnosis problems with mental health and addiction.
These service users particularly challenged me, as I found their intersecting issues usually stretch well beyond their dual diagnosis, to other areas like housing or physical health.
I have, therefore, chosen to discuss one such case, where I engaged in substantial reflection. The background to this case study, and my involvement with him, will now be discussed.
JK is a man in his 50s who was born in Nigeria but moved to the UK at a young age, social work essay examples. When I worked with him, he lived in a housing project that was specifically meant to house ex-offenders.
Although JK had a lead key-worker at my agency who was a permanent member of staff, I was responsible for the majority of the key working sessions with JK during my time on this placement. JK had a long history of substance misuse and mental health problems. He was diagnosed with bi-polar disorder, and dealt with significant anxiety and depression. He received depot injections monthly for his mental health difficulties, and he found these instances particularly distressing.
JK also had a substantial history of criminal activity, which he said became necessary in order to maintain his addiction to certain illicit drugs. I would meet JK in a location of his choosing. Although usually this would mean either in our office or in his room, sometimes we went for a walk and I accompanied him to appointments at times also. This more informal working setting was where he felt he could speak most openly to me.
Social work essay examples I will discuss my involvement with JK more broadly,I will focus on one particular key working session that we had, where JK was most descriptive about all his concerns and the issues that were effecting him session A. This is significant because reflection is particularly important when a critical incident like this has been experienced, and a less reflective approach could lead to a less holistic or even inadvertently oppressive account of what had transpired Ruch, Different models of reflection supported me throughout the reflective process.
Gibb's Model of Reflection and Atkin and Murphy's Model of Reflection both promote a cyclical approach to reflection, whereby reflection is ongoing and not a linear process. I found this to be the case, as I did not move through stages of refection one after the other, but moved between them, often returning to my conceptual starting point multiple times before settling on a holistic understanding of an event or situation that incorporates all systems influencing that scenario.
Keeping a reflective diary of critical issues and my own thought process encouraged me to construct my understanding of the work I was doing, social work essay examples, and justify what actions I had taken White, Support from colleagues and supervisors was also invaluable in this process Ruch, Yip aptly notes that models like those described above are most useful when starting out the reflective process, and I quickly adapted and developed a model of reflection that was most appropriate for me.
Social work has traditionally been constructed as the professional knowing best, and continues to be practised in a way where the practitioner holds most of the power Holmes and Saleeby, social work essay examples, The power dynamics are slightly different in a non-statutory setting like I was working in.
However, these power dynamics cannot be ignored, and underline all social work practice. I acknowledged the inherent power dynamics from the inception of my interactions with JK.
I recognised that where unequal power dynamics exist in a relationship, it is usually the partner with the most power that benefits most from the interaction Milner and O'Byrne, This is why it is important for social workers to listen to the perspectives of the people with whom they work, and be willing to accept different paradigms than their own or the dominant paradigm Milner and O'Byrne, When working with JK, I social work essay examples made aware of his engagement with social work essay examples health services, usually provided through the medical professions.
He had an allocated community psychiatric nurse CPN who would visit occasionally, and at times he also met with a psychiatrist. Throughout my social work education, the difference between the medical model and the social model of experiencing mental illness has been stressed to me, and I clearly saw this when working with JK. The historically oppressive nature of mental health services is widely recognised in literature Szasz, ; Foucault,social work essay examples JK expressed to me at times that he felt that he was not listened to by medical professionals, and just moved from service to service having things done to him, rather than with him.
Tew noted that the in the social model of mental distress, core values required include looking at the person and their situation holistically, removing the "us" and "them" thinking that tends to dominate mental health services, listening to what people really have to say, and being committed to anti-oppressive practice.
I found these to be very helpful in working with JK. During Session A, the fact that I chose to explore JK's mental distress alongside the other issues that were going on in his life allowed me to identify that his physical health, including intense back pain that he has been experiencing, was having a substantial effect on his mental health, and I encouraged him to seek help and support social work essay examples this.
JK clearly appreciated my anti-oppressive approach, social work essay examples, where I tried to work with him in partnership, social work essay examples, and he was always keen to know when we would meet next. There is a stigma attached to having a mental illness, and even when contact with services has ceased, that stigma usually persists Miles, JK had clearly been the subject of this stigma throughout his life.
Tew believes if mental health services were more receptive to the social model of looking at mental distress, then significant amounts of this stigma and the resultant oppression would be removed. An important part of reflection in social work is the application and consideration of theories in practice Trevethick, The theory base of social work is essential to all the work that we do in practice Teater, Social workers need to be prepared to critically reflect on the theory that they are bringing to practice.
It has been noted that the theory base of social work is dominated by euro-centric discourse, meaning that certain paradigms or perspectives may be excluded unintentionally Trevethick, Being from Nigeria originally, and coming from a different cultural background than myself, meant that I had to be particularly careful in applying theory to the work that I did with JK.
However, it is also clear that practice cannot just be based on routine or habit, with no basis in evidence Thompson, social work essay examples, The increasing influence of post-modern theory, which does not promote one paradigm over another, but focuses on the subjective nature of truth, has helped to alleviate these issues in social work to some extent Fook, Our agency worked with some of the most marginalised and vulnerable members of society, and engaging in uninformed work with these types of service users is a dangerous undertaking Collingwood et al, Through active engagement with reflection, I was able to work with JK using an eclectic theory and knowledge base, but was also careful to note if JK was social work essay examples comfortable with some aspects of my approach, and social work essay examples the approach accordingly.
Working closely with JK over a period of several months supported me to be able to identify any issues quickly, and by the time I we were engaged in Session A, we had a good working relationship. Of particular importance when working with service users who have a dual diagnosis was systems theory, and I found this theory to be particularly important when reflecting on Session A.
Healy has recognised that systems theory have been highly influential on the knowledge base of social work. As noted above, people experiencing problems with addiction tend to have other issues in other areas of their lives Tober and Raistrick, I was able incorporate specific applications of systems theory for the service user group I was working throughout my placement, and in particular with JK.
The Six Cornered Addictions Rescue System SCARS was useful in that it took into account a person who was dealing with an addictions situation holistically, rather than just focusing on the addiction in isolation McCarthy and Galvani, In Session A this allowed me to see how JK's addiction and mental health problems were also linked to issues with accommodation, physical health, social work essay examples, relationships and employment, social work essay examples.
I have discussed my work with JK, and reflected on specific incidents and issues with him. However, social work essay examples, returning to Schonhe notes that reflection takes place within our own understanding and the meaning that we attribute to an event, rather than within the event itself. Therefore, social work essay examples, social workers need to look at their own underlying assumptions, as well as dominant social narratives, in order to shape their holistic understanding and experience of a given incident.
Dewey recognised the importance of discovering new information in reflection. This can come from both internal sources personal reconsideration and external sources professional support or researchand this new information can completely re-construct the way that an incident or event is considered, and change the narrative that we are engaged in, social work essay examples. This is helpful in reconsidering an event, and determining whether something could have been done differently or better.
In relation to Session A, one area that I reflected on was that I may have focused too much on theory when working with JK. It has been recognised in literature around theory in practice that overly focusing on theory when working with service users can actually hinder the work being done, as the service user can feel depersonalised Parker, As noted above, this was particularly important in the case of JK, who was from a different culture than me. More time could have been spent on listening to JK and his perspective, rather than trying to fit him into a theory or model for the sake of evidencing my own case notes or reflective journals.
I worked with JK very much in isolation. Although I met his CPN and his drug worker, social work essay examples, at no stage was a multi-agency meeting held that I was invited to. To some extent, this was the fault of the other professionals, who did not consult me on the work they were doing with JK, and literature has noted that collaboration is particularly difficult when working with dual diagnosis service users, as mental health and addiction services can disagree over the correct course, or who should take the lead Clement et al, ; Champney-Smith, social work essay examples However, I could have made more of an effort to engage with them, or at least discuss with JK how much consultation he would like me to have with those other workers.
Suter et al have found that a willingness to communicate is a key characteristic needed for effective collaboration, and after the other professionals were not active in engaging with me, I lost this willingness, potentially to the detriment of my work with JK. It has to be noted that reflection is not always recognised as a self-evidently positive mechanism. There are critics of the way reflection is promoted in current practice environments, with some bemoaning the "cult following" that has developed around reflection in the social work sphere Ixer, Boud and Knight equally describe how reflection has come to be seen as "self-evidently worthwhile" without significant critique p.
Ixer recognises that focusing too much on assessing reflection can lead to a social work essay examples approach to reflection that is uncompromising.
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Social Work Essay Examples. Developing Alliances in Social Work Practice. Reading the case study of Veronica is both heartbreaking and comforting. To know that her and many other young children like her are experiencing such atrocities demands a forthright response. But to see her pull through and be on the path to healing and restoration shows view essay example. Job Social Work 3 Pages. A social worker’s job is made easier and more efficient through the use of technology even though a greater part of their work is face-to-face with clients. In a world where technology use is constantly growing social workers need to adapt to these required tools · Title: Task-Centred Practice & Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy use to Support Change in Social Work Example essay. Last modified: 11th Aug Introduction: This essay will examine two approaches used to support change in social work today, Task-Centred Practice and Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy, and compare and contrast these two. The essay will achieve this by applying
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