The Bogdanov affair was an academic dispute regarding the legitimacy of a series of theoretical physics papers written by French twins Igor and Grichka Bogdanov (alternately spelt Bogdanoff). These papers were published in reputable scientific journals, and were alleged by their authors to culminate in a proposed theory for describing what occurred at and before the Big Bang We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow blogger.com more Jul 12, · But above all, the most significant difference between the two papers is the purpose for which it is written. A thesis, like what has been mentioned above, is being done by students obtaining a bachelor’s or master’s degree and has the purpose of testing their understanding of
Thesis - Wikipedia
The Bogdanov affair was an academic dispute regarding the legitimacy of a series of theoretical physics papers written by French twins Igor and Grichka Bogdanov alternately spelt Bogdanoff. These papers were published in reputable scientific journalsand were alleged by their authors to culminate in a proposed theory for describing what occurred at and before the Big Bang.
The controversy began inwith an allegation that the twins, celebrities in France for hosting science-themed TV shows, had obtained PhDs with nonsensical work. Rumours spread on Usenet newsgroups that their work was a deliberate hoax intended to target weaknesses in the peer review system that physics journals use to select papers for publication.
While the Bogdanov brothers continued to defend the veracity of their work, the debate over whether or not it represented a contribution to physics spread from Usenet to many other Internet pre written thesis papers, eventually receiving coverage in the mainstream media.
A Centre national de la recherche scientifique CNRS internal report later concluded that their theses had no scientific value.
The incident prompted criticism of the Bogdanovs' approach to science popularizationled to multiple lawsuitsand provoked reflection among physicists as to how and why the peer review system can fail. The Bogdanov brothers were born in in the small village of Saint-Laryin the Gascony region of southwest France.
In the Bogdanovs published a book, pre written thesis papers, Dieu et la Science God and Sciencedrawn from interviews with Catholic philosopher Jean Guittonwhich became a French bestseller. After a legal battle in France, during which a judge initially ruled in Thuan's favour, Thuan and the Bogdanovs settled out of court, and the Bogdanovs later denied all wrongdoing.
Thuan suggests that the plagiarism suit pressed the brothers to obtain doctorates as fast as possible, since according to Thuan the back cover of the book claimed that the Bogdanovs held doctorates when they did not.
Flato died inand his colleague Daniel Sternheimer of CNRS took over the job of supervising the Bogdanovs. Pre written thesis papers to Sternheimer, the twins viewed themselves as "the Einstein brothers" and had a propensity to voice vague, "impressionistic" statements; he considered guiding their efforts "like teaching My Fair Lady to speak with an Oxford accent.
Grichka Bogdanov was given a Ph. by the University of Burgundy Dijon in[7] though this doctorate is sometimes erroneously described as having been granted by the École Polytechnique. Inafter publishing the requisite articles, pre written thesis papers, Igor was given a Ph. in theoretical physics from the University of Burgundy. They have the right to have their work recognized with a diploma, which is nothing much these days.
In and the brothers published five papers in peer-reviewed physics journals, including Annals of Physics and Classical and Quantum Gravity. theses and papers were "spoof[s]," created by throwing together instances of theoretical-physics jargon, including terminology from string theory : "The abstracts are delightfully meaningless combinations of buzzwords which apparently have been taken seriously.
researchtitled "Physics bitten by reverse Alan Sokal hoax? The Bogdanovs quickly became a popular discussion topic, with most respondents agreeing that the papers were pre written thesis papers. The Bogdanovs' background in entertainment lent some plausibility to the idea that they were attempting a deliberate hoax, but Igor Bogdanov quickly denied the accusation.
The Bogdanov brothers themselves participated in the online discussions, sometimes using pseudonyms or represented by friends acting as proxies. In Octoberthe Bogdanovs released an email containing apparently supportive statements by Laurent Freidelthen a visiting professor at the Perimeter Institute. The Bogdanovs then attributed the quoted passages to Freidel, who said, "I'm very upset about that because I have received e-mail from people in the community asking me why I've defended the Bogdanov brothers.
When your name is used without your consent, it's a violation, pre written thesis papers. At the start of the controversy in the moderated group sci. researchpre written thesis papers, Igor Bogdanov denied that their published papers were a hoax, pre written thesis papers, [16] but when asked precise questions from physicists Steve Carlip and John Baez regarding mathematical details in the papers, pre written thesis papers, failed to convince any other participants that these papers had any real scientific value.
The New York Times reporter George Johnson described reading through the debate as "like watching someone trying to nail Jell-O to a wall", for the Bogdanovs had "developed their own private language, one that impinges on the vocabulary of science only at the edges. The online discussion was quickly followed by media attention.
The Register reported on the dispute on November 1,[17] and stories in The Chronicle of Higher Education[3] Nature[11] The New York Timesand other publications appeared soon after. One of the scientists who approved Igor Bogdanov's thesis, Roman Jackiw of the Massachusetts Institute of Technologypre written thesis papers, spoke to The New York Times reporter Dennis Overbye.
Overbye wrote that Jackiw was intrigued by the thesis, although it contained many points he did not understand. Jackiw defended the thesis:. All these were ideas that could pre written thesis papers make sense.
It showed some originality and some familiarity with the jargon. That's all I ask. In contrast, Ignatios Antoniadis [ de ; fr ] of the École Polytechniquewho approved Grichka Bogdanov's thesis, later reversed his judgment of it. Antoniadis told Le Monde. I had given a favorable opinion for Grichka's defense, based on a rapid and indulgent reading of the thesis text.
Alas, I was completely mistaken. The scientific language was just an appearance behind which hid incompetence and ignorance of even basic physics. In Maythe journal Classical and Quantum Gravity CQG reviewed an article authored by Igor and Grichka Bogdanov, titled "Topological theory of the initial singularity of spacetime". One of the referees' reports stated that the article was "Sound, original, and of interest.
With revisions I expect the paper to be suitable for publication. However, pre written thesis papers, after the publication of the article and the publicity surrounding the controversy, mathematician Greg Kuperberg posted to Usenet a statement written by the journal's senior publisher, Andrew Wray, and its co-editor, Hermann Nicolai [ de ; pt ].
The statement read, in part. Thus the paper made it through the review process even though, pre written thesis papers, in retrospect, it does not meet the standards expected of articles in this journal The paper was discussed extensively at the annual Editorial Board meeting and there was general agreement that it should not have been published.
Since then several steps have been taken to further improve the peer review process in order to improve the quality assessment on articles submitted to the journal and reduce the likelihood that this could happen again.
The paper in question was, however, not officially withdrawn by the journal. Inthe Czechoslovak Journal of Physics accepted an article written by Igor Bogdanov, entitled "Topological Origin of Inertia".
The referee's report concluded: "In my opinion the results of the paper can be considered as original ones. I recommend the paper for publication but in a revised form.
The report stated that "the viewpoint presented in this paper can be interesting as a possible approach of the Planck scale physics. Not all review evaluations were positive.
Eli Hawkinsacting as a referee on behalf of the Journal of Physics Asuggested rejecting one of the Bogdanovs' papers: "It is difficult to describe what is wrong in Section 4, since almost nothing is right. In conclusion, I would not recommend that this paper be published in this, or any, journal. After the start of the Usenet discussion, most comments were critical of the Bogdanovs' work. For example, John C. Baez stated that the Bogdanov papers are "a mishmash of superficially plausible sentences containing the right buzzwords in approximately the right order, pre written thesis papers.
There is no logic or cohesion in what they write. Others compared the quality of the Bogdanov papers with that seen over a wider arena. He continued, "But the increasingly low standard of coherence in the whole field is what allowed them to think they were doing something sensible and to get it published. Participants in the discussions were particularly unconvinced by a statement in the "Topological origin of inertia" paper that "whatever the orientation, pre written thesis papers, the plane of oscillation of Foucault's pendulum is necessarily aligned with the initial singularity marking the origin of physical space.
The Bogdanovs explained that these claims would only be clear in the context of topological field theory. Since the big bang happened everywhereno matter which way a pendulum swings, the plane in which it swings can be said to "intersect the big bang".
However, Baez pointed out, this statement does not in fact concern the Big Bang, and pre written thesis papers entirely equivalent to the following:. If this was the essence of the statement, Baez pre written thesis papers, it cannot be very useful in "explaining the origin of inertia ". Urs Schreiberpre written thesis papers a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Hamburgnoted that the mention of the Foucault pendulum was at odds with the papers' general tone, since they generally relied upon more "modern terminology".
According to George Johnsonthe Foucault pendulum is "an icon of French science that would belong in any good Gallic spoof. One bit of jargon, the Hagedorn temperaturecomes from string theorybut as Schreiber notes, the paper does not use this concept in any detail; moreover, since the paper is manifestly not a string theory treatise, "considering the role the Hagedorn temperature plays in string cosmology, this is bordering on self-parody.
The fifth and last "result", Schreiber notes, is an attempt to resolve this contradiction by "invok[ing] quantum mechanics". The Bogdanovs themselves described Schreiber's summary as "very accurate"; for more on this point, see below. Schreiber concluded. Just to make sure: I do not think that any of the above is valid reasoning.
I pre written thesis papers writing this just to point out what I think are the central 'ideas' the authors had when writing their articles and how this led them to their conclusions. Eli Hawkins of Pennsylvania State University voiced a similar concern about "The KMS state of spacetime at the Planck scale". The main result of this paper is that this thermodynamic equilibrium should be a KMS state. This almost goes without saying; for a quantum system, the KMS condition is just the concrete definition of thermodynamic equilibrium.
The hard part is identifying the quantum system to which the condition should be applied, which is not done in this paper. Both Baez and, later, Peter Woit noted that content was largely repeated from one Bogdanov paper to another.
Damien Calaque of the Louis Pasteur UniversityStrasbourgcriticized Grichka Bogdanov's unpublished preprint "Construction of cocycle bicrossproducts by twisting". In Calaque's estimation, the results presented in the preprint did not have sufficient novelty and interest pre written thesis papers merit an independent journal article, and moreover pre written thesis papers principal theorem was, in its current formulation, pre written thesis papers, false: Grichka Bogdanov's construction yields a bialgebra which is not necessarily a Hopf algebra[31] the latter being a type of mathematical object which must satisfy additional conditions.
Eventually, the controversy attracted mainstream media attention, opening new avenues for physicists' comments to be disseminated. Le Monde quoted Alain Connesrecipient of the Fields Medalas saying, "I didn't need long to convince myself that they're talking about things that they haven't mastered. The most positive comments about the papers pre written thesis papers came from string theorist Luboš Motl :.
Some of the papers of the Bogdanoff brothers are really painful and clearly silly But the most famous paper about the solution of the pre written thesis papers singularity is a bit different; it is more sophisticated, pre written thesis papers.
it does not surprise me much that Roman Jackiw said that the paper satisfied everything he expects from an acceptable paper—the knowledge of the jargon and some degree of original ideas.
And be sure that Jackiw, Kounnas, pre written thesis papers, and Majid were not the only ones with this kind of a conclusion. Technically, their paper connects too many things. It would be too good if all these ideas and correct formulae were necessary for a justification of a working solution to the initial singularity problem, pre written thesis papers.
But if one accepts that the papers about these difficult questions don't have to be just a well-defined science but maybe also a bit of inspiring art, the brothers have done a pretty good job, I think.
And I want to know the answers to many questions that are opened in their paper.
Writing Ninjas: How To Write A Strong Thesis Statement
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